Hospital de Órbigo

It is a place of the channel of the river Órbigo in which this one has favorable conditions for its ford; So it has been populated since ancient times. Due to this, the Romans built a bridge for the causeway that connected Leon with the provincial capital of Astorga on whose foundations later works were realized. In the left bank a first nucleus of population was formed to give service to the travelers who had to cross it; This motivated the construction of a temple that would be dedicated to Santa Maria.

On Friday, October 5, 456, the Suevian troops of the Requiem King attempted to prevent the invasion of their territory by the Visigothic army of King Theodoric II; The Suevi were defeated and Requiario fled.

According to a local tradition, during the history of Hospital of Órbigo by its bridge crossed the army of the caudillo Almanzor in the year 997; Transporting to the south the booty obtained in the sacking of Galicia, including the bells of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela.

Towards the year 1184 the hospital knights of the Order of San Juan of Jerusalem establish in their environs an encomienda, directed by a resident commander; On the right bank of the river were built a hospital and a church to attend to the pilgrims from Santiago de Compostela, who had to travel there, on the way to Astorga.

The place is part of the history of the cavalry because in its margins took place the epic story of the honorable Passo, starred in 1434 by the rich and influential gentleman Suero de Quiñones, accompanied by nine other gentlemen, for a month was against How many gentlemen tried to cross the bridge. This historical fact of cavalry was collected by Cervantes in Don Quixote.

The main thing to see in Órbigo Hospital is the bridge was held the most famous “passage of arms” in history. The getaway can continue to the west to visit for a full day the important Astorga. Another option is to go in the opposite direction to the city of León.

In November of 1808 the army of the English general Moore retired towards Galicia by the pressure to which the French army to him commanded by Napoleón Bonaparte in person; He tried to destroy every bridge he encountered in order to delay the advance of his pursuers. They had a skirmish with the French on the right bank of the river to gain time and dynamite both sides of the bridge, destruction that little delayed the advance of their enemies.

In 1890 the Blanco brothers of Sierra Pambley founded a secondary school and agricultural training there, according to the teachings of the Free Institution of Teaching promoted by Francisco Giner de los Ríos.

The long and irregular Bridge, although greatly refurbished throughout its history, preserves part of the structure of the thirteenth century, the arched ogival of the center today leaning on a dry river bed. Before the construction of the reservoir of Barrios de Luna this one was very mighty. It is a national monument since 1939. It is located on the Roman road from Leon to Astorga. In the restoration of 1951 imposes a plaque that remembers to Suero and the main knights with whom it broke spear. Another reform has been tendered since 2009.

At the exit starts the Main Street in whose tour you can admire the typical white and blue houses of the historic village. From there you can reach the Plaza Mayor.

A few years ago he lost the last remains of what was the Hospital of Pilgrims to see in Hospital de Órbigo, run by the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. The Church of San Juan, from the 17th and 18th centuries, is its main monument. Constructed with masonry and flat of Latin cross. In the belfry of three bodies at his feet is lodged the clock of the town and bell. Access through the portico of triple arch and grating reveals on the marble of the front page the image of San Juan Bautista in wood niche next to the shield of its founders, knights of the Order of San Juan. The interior was decorated with a Plateresque altarpiece.

Also in the Plaza Mayor is the Monumental Cruiser.

Aguas arriba del Órbigo can be visited in Carrizo de la Ribera, the Monastery of Santa María, founded in 1176 by Countess Estefanía Ramírez and inhabited since then by Cistercian monks. The church of three naves has head with central apse and small absidiolos decorated with fancy canecillos that next to the flared side cover corresponds to the construction of the XII and XIII centuries. The rest of the building was renovated in the 17th century.

The Monastery of San Salvador originated as an abbey founded by Count Sancho García in 1011 as a retreat for his daughter Trigidia. The abbey was initially conceived as a co-ed convent with two communities of different sexes who shared the facilities but reported to separate male and female authorities. In 1033, King Sancho III the Great of Navarre handed the abbey over to the Clunic monks. It was put under the direction of a chaste abbot who would be canonized as San Íñigo, who made the abbey a center of culture and spirituality. San Salvador enjoyed some privileges which were expanded when it was converted into a royal mausoleum. In reality there are two mausoleums: the royal mausoleum housing the bodies of the monarchs of the kingdoms of Castile and Pamplona, and the counts’ mausoleum where the counts of Castile are buried. It contains eight coffins and nine people from the 11^th and 13^th centuries. The coffins are unique pieces due to the material from which they are made, walnut and boxwood. The resting place of Bishop D. Pedro López de Mendoza was moved to the sacristy of one of the church’s naves.

The great entrance terrace leading to the most modern part of the building is behind the 18^th-century Baroque façade. To get to the church of the abbey, you have to go around the building and ascend a long staircase. The portico, built in the last quarter of the 11^th century in the Romanesque style, is decorated with statues of kings. An engraved Gothic-Mudejar door leads into to the church. The 13^th-century Gothic church preserves Romanesque remains from different periods. The front of the church, built in the late Gothic, is covered by a spectacular star-shaped dome with eight points. It consists of a single nave with three sections and several chapels. The wall to the right-hand side conserves various scenes from the poem La Vida de Santa María Egipciaca, in the linear Gothic style, and El Cristo de Santa Trigidia, in the French Romanesque style. There are also remains of the main altarpiece carved in walnut wood with boxwood insets, a 15^th-century Gothic-Mudejar work by Brother Pedro de Valladolid, and scenes from the Passion of Christ, painted by Brother Alonso de Zamora (15^th century), as well as a Baroque organ from 1786 consisting of over 1,100 tubes.

In the late 15^th century, the church was expanded to include a mausoleum beneath the star-shaped dome. It contains a Baroque altarpiece, a choir with Gothic chairs from 1483, and the tombs of two kings of Navarre, Sancho the Great and Sancho the Strong, as well as the tombs of Castilian counts such as don García and don Sancho. The tombs are carved in the Gothic-Mudejar style in walnut wood with boxwood insets and were crafted by Brother Pedro de Valladolid in the 15^th century. The burial sites are surrounded by paintings by Brother Alonso de Zamora representing scenes from the Passion. In the mid-18^th century, the Chapel of San Íñigo was added, presided over by a Baroque altarpiece which contains the urn with the saint’s ashes. A door to the right leads to the sacristy, which has been converted into a small museum of Baroque furniture, objects of worship, and valuable fabrics.

In the chapterhouse there are windows, currently blocked off, of the Romanesque building which connected this room to the cloister. They are beautiful semicircle arches decorated with diamond tips and capitals shaped like animals. You can even make out a good deal of the original polychrome. Polychromatic arches in the Romanesque style, surely coming from the refectory, are also preserved. The main cloister of the Monastery of San Salvador, also Gothic, is an early-16^th-century work by Juan de Colonia. Four galleries with ribbed vaults form a trapezoidal floor. It houses numerous burial sites of counts and Castilian paladins. In 2012, the seventeenth exposition of Las Edades del Hombre took place in the Monastery of San Salvador.

Tours of the monastery are directed by an audio guide, except for previously organized groups who can arrange for a guided tour. The visit to the tower and the Medieval Visitors Center can be arranged at the City Office of Tourism (tel. 947 30 00 78).

The Visitors Center of the Monastery is located on Calle Barrusco in the Jewish quarters.

In the old cowshed of the monastery, you’ll find the Information Office where you can get information about the Natural Park of the Obarenes-San Zadornil Mountains.